The positive relationship between military leaders and the Umayyad caliphs through experience and military skill
The positive relationship between military leaders and the Umayyad caliphs through experience and military skill
Pages
361-386Keywords:
Abstract
The experience and military acumen in taking command is a form of scientific thinking and the ability to study and examine the potential outcomes of leaders' actions objectively, self-control, reliance on long-term planning, as well as short-term planning aimed at direct objectives. This helps to strengthen the power of any military institution, as competent leadership and experience are among the most important factors for achieving victory over enemies. Leadership occupies an important and prominent place in the field of military organization. Regardless of the conditions for victory, the competence of the leader is crucial to the success of the battle. It is the art of influencing men and directing them towards a specific goal, ensuring their loyalty, respect, obedience, and cooperation. These leaders have become the best support and strength in consolidating and strengthening the system of governance and administration, developing it in line with the state's needs. Therefore, the Umayyad Caliphs were keen to select competent leaders, and military experience and acumen played a significant role in improving the relationship with the Caliph. Among the early leaders who enjoyed military experience and acumen and had a prominent role in the Umayyad era are
References
- Ibn al-Abar, Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abi Bakr al-Qadha’i
- - Al-Hillat Al-Sira’, edited by: Hussein Mu’nis, Dar Al-Maaref, 3rd edition, (Cairo: 1985 AD).
- - Ibn Al-Atheer, Abu Al-Hasan Ali bin Abi Al-Karam,
- - Al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, edited by: Omar Abdel Salam Tadmurri, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, 1st edition, (Beirut: 1997 AD)
- - Al-Isfahani Abu Naeem Ahmed bin Abdullah bin Ahmed bin Ishaq bin Musa bin Mahran.
- - Knowing the Companions, edited by: Adel Youssef Al-Azzazi, Dar Al-Watan, (Riyadh: 1998 AD),
- - Al-Istakhri, Ibrahim bin Muhammad Abu Ishaq
- -Paths and Kingdoms, Dar Sader, (Beirut: 2004 AD).
- - Al-Baghdadi, Abdul Qaher bin Taher bin Muhammad bin Abdullah
- - The difference between the sects and the statement of the saved group, New Horizons House, 2nd edition, (Beirut: 1977 AD).
- - Observatories of Knowledge of the Names of Places and Bekaa, Dar Al-Jeel, (Beirut: 1992 AD).
- - Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Abu al-Fadl Ahmad ibn Ali
- - Tahtheeb Al-Tahtheeb, taken care of by: Ibrahim Al-Zaybak, Al-Resala Foundation, (Beirut: 2014 AD).
- - Al-Hamwi, Shihab al-Din Abu Abdullah Yaqut
- -Dictionary of Countries, Dar Sader, 2nd edition, (Beirut: 1995 AD).
- - Ibn Khaldun, Abdul Rahman bin Muhammad
- -Lessons and Diwan al-Mubtada wa al-Khabar in the History of the Arabs and Berbers and Those Who Contemporized Them of Greater Importance, annotated by: Khalil Shehadha, reviewed by: Suhail Zakkar, Dar al-Fikr, 1st edition, (Beirut: 1981 AD).
- - Al-Dhahabi, Shams al-Din Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ahmed
- -The History of Islam and the Deaths of Celebrities and Media, edited by: Abdul Salam Tadmuri, Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, 2nd edition, (Beirut: 1993 AD).
- - Al-Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir
- -The History of the Messengers and Kings, edited by: Muhammad Abu al-Fadl Ibrahim, Dar al-Ma’arif, (Egypt: 1967 AD)
- - Ibn Abdul-Barr Abu Omar Yusuf bin Abdullah bin Muhammad
- - Absorption in the Knowledge of Companions, edited by: Ali Muhammad Al-Bajjawi, Dar Al-Jeel, 1st edition, (Beirut: 1992 AD)
- - Ibn Abdul-Hakam, Abdul-Rahman bin Abdullah
- -Conquests of Egypt and Morocco, Library of Religious Culture, (Dr. M: 1995 AD).
- - Ibn Abd Rabbo, Abu Amr Shihab al-Din Ahmed bin Muhammad
- -Al-Uqd Al-Farid, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1st edition, (Beirut: 1984 AD).
- - Ibn Al-Adim, Kamal Al-Din Omar bin Ahmed bin Hebatullah
- -In order to demand the history of Aleppo, edited by: Al-Mahdi Eid Al-Rawadiyah, Al-Furqan Foundation for Islamic Heritage, 1st edition, (London: 2016 AD).
- - Ibn Adhari Al-Marrakshi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Muhammad.
- -Al-Bayan Al-Maghrib fi Akhbar Al-Andalus and Morocco, edited by: C. s . Collat and Levy Provençal, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, (Beirut: 1971 AD),
- - Ibn Asakir, Abu Al-Qasim Ali bin Hibatullah Al-Ma’rouf
- -The History of Damascus, edited by: Amr bin Gharamah Al-Mamouri, Dar Al-Fikr for Printing, Distribution and Publishing, (D. M.: 1995).
- - Al-Fassi, Taqi al-Din Muhammad bin Ahmed al-Hassani
- -The Precious Decade in the History of the Faithful Country, edited by: Muhammad Abd al-Qadir Atta, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1st edition, (Beirut: 1998 AD).
- - Ibn Qani’, Abu Al-Hussein Abdul Baqi bin Qani’ bin Marzouk bin Wathiq
- -Dictionary of the Companions, edited by: Salah bin Salem Al-Misrati, Al-Ghurabaa Archaeological Library, 1st edition, (Medina: 1998 AD),
- - Al-Qalqashandi, Abu Al-Abbas Ahmed bin Ali
- - Qala’id al-Juman in introducing the tribes of the Arabs of the Age, edited by: Ibrahim al-Ibari, Dar al-Kitab al-Masri, 2nd edition, (D.M.: 1982 AD).
- - Cyrene, Al-Raqiq
- -History of Africa and the Maghreb, edited by: Muhammad Zainhum Muhammad Azab, Al-Farhani Publishing House, 1st edition, (d. M.: 1994 AD).
- - Ibn Kathir, Abu Al-Fida Ismail bin Omar bin Kathir
- -The Beginning and the End, printed by Al-Saada Press, Dar Al-Fikr, (Beirut: DT).
- - Al-Kalbi, Abi Al-Mundhir Hisham bin Muhammad bin Al-Sa’ib.
- -The Mistakes of the Arabs, edited by: Jassim Yassin Al-Darwish, Tamura Printing and Publishing, 1st edition, (D. M.: D. T.).
- - Al-Maliki, Abu Bakr Abdullah bin Muhammad.
- -Riyadh al-Nufus fi Latabaq al-Ulama’ of Kairouan and Ifriqiya, edited by: Bashir al-Bakoush, reviewed by: Muhammad al-Arousi al-Matwi, Dar al-Gharb al-Islami, 2nd edition, (Beirut: 1994 AD).
- - Al-Maqdisi, Al-Mutahhar bin Tahir
- -The Beginning and History, published by: Clement Houar, Bertrand Press, (Paris: 1919 AD).
- - Ibn Miskawayh, Abu Ali
- -Experiences of Nations and the Succession of Determinations, edited by: Abu al-Qasim Emami, Dar Soroush for Printing and Publishing, 2nd edition, (Tehran: 2002 AD).
- - Ibn Manat Al-Abdi, Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad bin Ishaq
- -Extracted from the Books of People for Remembrance and Al-Mustarif from the Conditions of Men for Knowledge, edited by: Amer Hassan Sabri Al-Tamimi, Department of Religious Affairs, (Bahrain: DT).
- - Ibn al-Nadim, Hamad bin Ishaq.
- - Al-Fihrist, taken care of by: Ibrahim Ramadan, Dar Al-Ma’rifa, 2nd edition, (Beirut: 1997 AD).
- - Al-Yaqoubi, Ahmed bin Ishaq bin Jaafar bin Wahb bin Wadh
- -Al-Buldan, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1st edition, (Beirut: 2002 AD).
- - Ibn Yunus, Abdul Rahman bin Ahmed bin Yunus
- -History of Ibn Yunus Al-Masry, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1st edition, (Beirut: 2001 AD).
- - Ahmed, Nahla Shehab
- -Studies in the History of Morocco and Andalusia, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1st edition, (Beirut: 2009 AD).
- - Al-Zirkli, Khairuddin bin Mahmoud bin Muhammad
- - Al-A’lam, Dar Al-Ilm Lil-Millain, 5th edition, (D.M.: 2002 AD)
- - Zaytoun, Muhammad Muhammad
- -Kairouan and its role in Islamic civilization, Dar Al-Manar, 1st edition, (Cairo: 1988 AD).
- - Al-Salawi, Abu Abbas Ahmed bin Khaled
- - Al-Investigation of the News of the Far Maghreb Countries, edited by: Jaafar and Muhammad Al-Nasiri, Dar Al-Bayda, (d. M.: 1954 AD).
- - Taqoush, Muhammad Suhail
- -The History of the Rightly Guided Caliphs, Conquests and Political Achievements, Dar Al-Nafais, 1st edition, (D. M.: 2003 AD),
- - Anan, Muhammad Abdullah
- -The Islamic State in Andalusia, Al-Khanji Library, 4th edition, (Cairo: 1997 AD)
- - Al-Qahtani, Abdul Rahman bin Saeed bin Ali bin Wahf
- -Glass Towers in the Biography of Al-Hajjaj, edited by: Saeed Ali bin Wahb Al-Qahtani, Safir Press, (Riyadh: D.T.)
- - Kahila, Adham Ebada
- -The Precious Decade in the History of Muslims, Dar Al-Kitab Al-Hadith, (Kuwait: 1996 AD).
- - Maqdish, Mahmoud
- -An Excursion of Eyes into the Wonders of History and News, edited by: Ali Al-Zawari - Muhammad Mahfouz, Dar Al-Gharb Al-Islami, 1st edition, (Beirut: 1988 AD),
Identifiers
DOI: 10.33899/z92kye50
Statistics
How to Cite
Copyright and Licensing

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.


