تحليل حساسية المياه الجوفية للتلوث باستخدام انموذج SINTICS / دراسة حالة

القسم: Article

الملخص






تستهدف هذه الدراسة تقييم وتحديد حساسية الخزانات الجوفية لتلوث النترات في منطقة الدراسة بمحافظة نينوى باستخدام نموذج SINTACS الحساس والمتخصص المدمج مع تقنيات نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS) المتقدمة. تم تحليل سبع معاملات هيدروجيولوجية حاسمة تتحكم في انتقال وتحرك النترات من مصادرها الزراعية السطحية نحو الطبقات الجوفية العميقة. اعتمدت الدراسة على بيانات ميدانية محققة من (50) بئراً جوفياً موزعة جغرافياً، مع تطبيق سيناريو النترات الذي يعكس الواقع الهيدروجيولوجي والنشاط الزراعي المكثف للمنطقة. أظهرت النتائج توزيعاً مكانياً متباينً بشكل حاد في درجات حساسية المياه الجوفية لتلوث النترات، حيث تم تصنيف منطقة الدراسة إلى خمس فئات متدرجة من (منخفضة جداً) إلى (عالية جداً)، مع تركيز واضح للمناطق عالية الحساسية (بنسبة 5.3%) في الأجزاء الشمالية الغربية القريبة من مصادر التلوث السطحية (بحيرة سد الموصل، نهر دجلة)، بينما سيطرت المناطق منخفضة الحساسية (بنسبة 69.75%) في المناطق ذات الأعماق الجوفية الكبيرة والتكوينات الصخرية الكتيمة.كشف تحليل الحساسية المتقدم (SPSA وMRSA) أن معامل عمق المياه الجوفية (S) يمثل العامل الأكثر حساسية وتأثيراً (23.38%) في تحديد مدى استجابة الخزان لتلوث النترات، تليه الطوبوغرافية والانحدار السطحي (S%) بنسبة (18.40%)، مما يؤكد الدور الحاسم للمستويات المائية الضحلة والتضاريس المنبسطة في تسهيل تسرب النترات. في المقابل، أظهرت التربة الطينية الثقيلة دوراً وقائياً حاسماً (تأثير سلبي 13.43-)، وتعمل كـ حاجز طبيعي موثوق يعيق نفاذية الملوثات.تؤكد الدراسة أن نموذج SINTACS عند تطبيقه بـ سيناريو النترات المتخصص يوفر خرائط دقيقة وموثوقة لتحديد مناطق الضعف والخطر، مما يدعم بشكل مباشر إجراءات الحماية الاستباقية، والتخطيط البيئي الاستراتيجي، وإدارة الأنشطة الزراعية المستدامة لضمان الأمن المائي والحفاظ على جودة الموارد المائية الجوفية في المنطقة.







 

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  44.  Motlagh, Z. K., Derakhshani, R., & Sayadi, M. H. (2023). Groundwater vulnerability assessment in central Iran: Integration of GIS-based DRASTIC model and a machine learning approach. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 23, 101037.
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  50.  Akbar, M. U., et al. (2025). A dynamic DRASTIC-based approach for multi-hazard groundwater vulnerability mapping. Geoscience Frontiers, 102117.
  51.  Lodwick, W. A., Monson, W., & Svoboda, L. (1990). Attribute error and sensitivity analysis of map operations in geographical informations systems: Suitability analysis. International Journal of Geographical Information System, 4(4), 413–428.
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المعرفات

معرف الكائن الرقمي DOI: 10.33899/jeh.v6i24.1.66147

تنزيل هذا الملف

الإحصائيات

طريقة الاقتباس

تحليل حساسية المياه الجوفية للتلوث باستخدام انموذج SINTICS / دراسة حالة. (2026). مجلة التربیة للعلوم الانسانیة, 6(24.1). https://doi.org/10.33899/jeh.v6i24.1.66147