Serum FcαRI (CD89) and Atopic Dermatitis: A Novel Investigation into Associations with White Blood Cell Subsets

Eczema, another name for atopic dermatitis (AD), is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that causes redness and irritation. It is a common disorder affecting individuals of all ages. The human IgA Fc receptor (FcRI/CD89) is expressed on myeloid cells, such as monocytes/macrophages, eosinophils, and neutrophils, and can trigger various immunological effector processes. The study aims to assess the concentration of FcRI in patients with chronic atopic dermatitis, including children and adults. The study sought to evaluate the relationship between FcRI levels and white blood cell counts using a regression coefficient test. A total of 110 AD patients (aged 1-30 years) were recruited from hospitals in Mosul city between October 2024 and February 2025. Participants were categorized into two age groups: Children (1-15 years, n=38) and adults (16-30 years, n=32), along with age-matched healthy controls (n=40). Blood samples were analyzed for FcRI levels using ELISA and for WBC counts through CBC analysis. The results demonstrated significantly elevated FcRI levels in AD patients compared to controls (p0.05), with children exhibiting higher concentrations than adults. Regression analysis identified significant correlations between FcRI levels and WBC subpopulations. Elevated FcRI levels in AD patients indicate immune hyperactivity and increased immune complex formation, contributing to chronic inflammation and exacerbation of AD symptoms. Suggesting a decrease in FcRI expression with age. This suggests that FcRI may play a role in inflammatory cell recruitment and immune regulation in AD. FcRI may serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing the severity and progression of atopic dermatitis.